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Clinicians often recommend standard heart failure medications such as beta blockers, ACE inhibitors, and diuretics (water pills). It depends on the severity of symptoms, and whether the person has low blood pressure or evidence of fluid backing up into the lungs. There is no standard treatment for broken-heart syndrome. Photos reprinted with permission from Bilal Saeed, M.D., University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, Ohio (A), and Satoshi Kurisu, M.D., Hiroshima City Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan (B). The shape is similar to that of a tako-tsubo (), a round-bottomed, narrow-necked vessel used to catch octopuses. During systole (cardiac contraction) the midsection and tip (apex) of the left ventricle balloon out, while the area above, called the base, contracts normally. (See "Apical ballooning and the tako-tsubo.")Īn x-ray of the left ventricle ( A) shows apical ballooning, a reversible abnormality characteristic of takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Another term for the disorder is apical ballooning syndrome. During contraction (systole), this bulging ventricle resembles a tako-tsubo, a pot used by Japanese fishermen to trap octopuses. The most common abnormality in takotsubo cardiomyopathy - the one that gives the disorder its name - is ballooning of the lower part of the left ventricle (apex). An echocardiogram (ultrasound image) or other imaging technique that shows abnormal movements in the walls of the left ventricle.

No evidence on an angiogram of blockages in the coronary arteries - the most common cause of heart attacks.To get a definitive diagnosis, clinicians look for the following: Consequently, imaging studies and other measures are needed to rule out a heart attack. And an electrocardiogram (ECG) may show abnormalities similar to those found in some heart attacks - in particular, changes known as ST-segment elevation. Takotsubo symptoms are indistinguishable from those of a heart attack. Broken-heart syndrome occurs more often in women than men, especially after menopause. The precise cause isn't known, but experts think that surging stress hormones (for example, adrenaline) essentially "stun" the heart, triggering changes in heart muscle cells or coronary blood vessels (or both) that prevent the left ventricle from contracting effectively. A surprise party or other sudden surprise.Unexpected loss, illness, or injury of a close relative, friend, or pet.Receiving bad news (such as a diagnosis of cancer).

Serious illness, surgery, or medical procedure (e.g., cardiac stress test).

Stressors associated with takotsubo cardiomyopathy* The main symptoms are chest pain and shortness of breath. (For additional examples, see "Stressors associated with takotsubo cardiomyopathy.") That's why the condition is also called stress-induced cardiomyopathy, or broken-heart syndrome. Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is a weakening of the left ventricle, the heart's main pumping chamber, usually as the result of severe emotional or physical stress, such as a sudden illness, the loss of a loved one, a serious accident, or a natural disaster such as an earthquake.

Movement abnormalities in the left ventricle.

No evidence of coronary artery obstruction.

Electrocardiogram abnormalities that mimic those of a heart attack.

Chest pain and shortness of breath after severe stress (emotional or physical).

Most people recover with no long-term heart damage. Research suggests that up to 5% of women suspected of having a heart attack actually have this disorder. More than 90% of reported cases are in women ages 58 to 75. One striking example is the temporary heart condition known as takotsubo cardiomyopathy, also known as broken-heart syndrome, first described in 1990 in Japan. Years of gender-based research have shown that in matters of the heart, sex differences abound. It's named after an octopus trap - and that's not all that's unusual about broken-heart syndrome.